Impact of exercise changes on body composition during the college years--a five year randomized controlled study.
Identifieur interne : 000151 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 000150; suivant : 000152Impact of exercise changes on body composition during the college years--a five year randomized controlled study.
Auteurs : Wolfgang Kemmler [Allemagne] ; Simon Von Stengel [Allemagne] ; Matthias Kohl [Allemagne] ; Julia Bauer [Allemagne]Source :
- BMC public health [ 1471-2458 ] ; 2016.
Descripteurs français
- KwdFr :
- Absorptiométrie photonique (MeSH), Adolescent (MeSH), Composition corporelle (physiologie), Exercice physique (physiologie), Femelle (MeSH), Humains (MeSH), Jeune adulte (MeSH), Mâle (MeSH), Prise de poids (physiologie), Sports (statistiques et données numériques), Universités (MeSH), Éducation physique et entraînement physique (statistiques et données numériques), Études transversales (MeSH), Étudiants (statistiques et données numériques).
- MESH :
- physiologie : Composition corporelle, Exercice physique, Prise de poids.
- statistiques et données numériques : Sports, Éducation physique et entraînement physique, Étudiants.
- Absorptiométrie photonique, Adolescent, Femelle, Humains, Jeune adulte, Mâle, Universités, Études transversales.
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
- Absorptiometry, Photon (MeSH), Adolescent (MeSH), Body Composition (physiology), Cross-Sectional Studies (MeSH), Exercise (physiology), Female (MeSH), Humans (MeSH), Male (MeSH), Physical Education and Training (statistics & numerical data), Sports (statistics & numerical data), Students (statistics & numerical data), Universities (MeSH), Weight Gain (physiology), Young Adult (MeSH).
- MESH :
- physiology : Body Composition, Exercise, Weight Gain.
- statistics & numerical data : Physical Education and Training, Sports, Students.
- Absorptiometry, Photon, Adolescent, Cross-Sectional Studies, Female, Humans, Male, Universities, Young Adult.
Abstract
BACKGROUND
Observational studies have consistently reported severe weight gains during the college years; information about the effect on body composition is scarce, however. Thus, the aim of the study was to determine the effect of exercise changes on body composition during 5 years at university.
METHODS
Sixty-one randomly selected male and female dental (DES; 21 ± 3 years., 22 ± 2 kg/m(2)) and 53 sport (physical education) students (SPS; 20 ± 2 years., 22 ± 3 kg/m(2)) were accompanied over their 5-year study program. Body mass and body composition as determined via Dual-Energy x-ray-absorptiometry (DXA) at baseline and follow-up were selected as primary study endpoints. Confounding parameters (i.e., nutritional intake, diseases, medication) that may affect study endpoints were determined every two years. Endpoints were log-transformed to stabilize variance and achieve normal distributed values. Paired t-tests and unpaired Welch-t-tests were used to check intra and inter-group differences.
RESULTS
Exercise volume decreased significantly by 33% (p < .001) in the DES and increased significantly (p < .001) in the SPS group. Both cohorts comparably (p = .214) gained body mass (SPS: 1.9%, 95%-CI: 0.3-3.5%, p = .019 vs. DES: 3.4%, 1.4-5.5%, p = .001). However, the increase in the SPS group can be completely attributed to changes in LBM (2.3%, 1.1-3.5%, p < 0.001) with no changes of total fat mass (0.6%, -5.0-6.5%, p = 0.823), while DES gained total FM and LBM in a proportion of 2:1. Corresponding changes were determined for appendicular skeletal muscle mass and abdominal body-fat. Maximum aerobic capacity increased (p = .076) in the SPS (1.6%, -0.2-3.3%) and significantly decreased (p = .004) in the DES (-3.3%, -5.4 to -1.2%). Group differences were significant (p < .001). With respect to nutritional intake or physical activity, no relevant changes or group differences were observed.
CONCLUSION
We conclude that the most deleterious effect on fatness and fitness in young college students was the pronounced decreases in exercise volume and particularly exercise intensity.
TRIAL REGISTRATION
NCT00521235; "Effect of Different Working Conditions on Risk Factors in Dentists Versus Trainers. A Combined Cross sectional and Longitudinal Trial with Student and Senior Employees."; August 24, 2007.
DOI: 10.1186/s12889-016-2692-y
PubMed: 26787116
PubMed Central: PMC4719215
Affiliations:
Links toward previous steps (curation, corpus...)
Le document en format XML
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Simon.von.stengel@imp.uni-erlangen.de.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Institute of Medical Physics, University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Henkestrasse 91, 91052, Erlangen</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Erlangen</settlement><region type="land" nuts="1">Bavière</region><region type="district" nuts="2">District de Moyenne-Franconie</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kohl, Matthias" sort="Kohl, Matthias" uniqKey="Kohl M" first="Matthias" last="Kohl">Matthias Kohl</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Medical and Life Sciences, University of Furtwangen, Jakob-Kienzle-Str. 17, 78054, Schwenningen, Germany. Matthias.Kohl@hs-furtwangen.de.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Medical and Life Sciences, University of Furtwangen, Jakob-Kienzle-Str. 17, 78054, Schwenningen</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>78054, Schwenningen</wicri:noRegion><wicri:noRegion>78054, Schwenningen</wicri:noRegion><wicri:noRegion>Schwenningen</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Bauer, Julia" sort="Bauer, Julia" uniqKey="Bauer J" first="Julia" last="Bauer">Julia Bauer</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Institute of Dentistry, University-Hospital, Erlangen-Nürnberg, Glückstrasse 11, 91054, Erlangen, Germany. Julia.Bauer@uk-erlangen.de.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Institute of Dentistry, University-Hospital, Erlangen-Nürnberg, Glückstrasse 11, 91054, Erlangen</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Erlangen</settlement><region type="land" nuts="1">Bavière</region><region type="district" nuts="2">District de Moyenne-Franconie</region></placeName></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">BMC public health</title><idno type="eISSN">1471-2458</idno><imprint><date when="2016" type="published">2016</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Absorptiometry, Photon (MeSH)</term><term>Adolescent (MeSH)</term><term>Body Composition (physiology)</term><term>Cross-Sectional Studies (MeSH)</term><term>Exercise (physiology)</term><term>Female (MeSH)</term><term>Humans (MeSH)</term><term>Male (MeSH)</term><term>Physical Education and Training (statistics & numerical data)</term><term>Sports (statistics & numerical data)</term><term>Students (statistics & numerical data)</term><term>Universities (MeSH)</term><term>Weight Gain (physiology)</term><term>Young Adult (MeSH)</term></keywords><keywords scheme="KwdFr" xml:lang="fr"><term>Absorptiométrie photonique (MeSH)</term><term>Adolescent (MeSH)</term><term>Composition corporelle (physiologie)</term><term>Exercice physique (physiologie)</term><term>Femelle (MeSH)</term><term>Humains (MeSH)</term><term>Jeune adulte (MeSH)</term><term>Mâle (MeSH)</term><term>Prise de poids (physiologie)</term><term>Sports (statistiques et données numériques)</term><term>Universités (MeSH)</term><term>Éducation physique et entraînement physique (statistiques et données numériques)</term><term>Études transversales (MeSH)</term><term>Étudiants (statistiques et données numériques)</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="physiologie" xml:lang="fr"><term>Composition corporelle</term><term>Exercice physique</term><term>Prise de poids</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="physiology" xml:lang="en"><term>Body Composition</term><term>Exercise</term><term>Weight Gain</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="statistics & numerical data" xml:lang="en"><term>Physical Education and Training</term><term>Sports</term><term>Students</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="statistiques et données numériques" xml:lang="fr"><term>Sports</term><term>Éducation physique et entraînement physique</term><term>Étudiants</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="en"><term>Absorptiometry, Photon</term><term>Adolescent</term><term>Cross-Sectional Studies</term><term>Female</term><term>Humans</term><term>Male</term><term>Universities</term><term>Young Adult</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="fr"><term>Absorptiométrie photonique</term><term>Adolescent</term><term>Femelle</term><term>Humains</term><term>Jeune adulte</term><term>Mâle</term><term>Universités</term><term>Études transversales</term></keywords></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p><b>BACKGROUND</b></p><p>Observational studies have consistently reported severe weight gains during the college years; information about the effect on body composition is scarce, however. Thus, the aim of the study was to determine the effect of exercise changes on body composition during 5 years at university.</p></div><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p><b>METHODS</b></p><p>Sixty-one randomly selected male and female dental (DES; 21 ± 3 years., 22 ± 2 kg/m(2)) and 53 sport (physical education) students (SPS; 20 ± 2 years., 22 ± 3 kg/m(2)) were accompanied over their 5-year study program. Body mass and body composition as determined via Dual-Energy x-ray-absorptiometry (DXA) at baseline and follow-up were selected as primary study endpoints. Confounding parameters (i.e., nutritional intake, diseases, medication) that may affect study endpoints were determined every two years. Endpoints were log-transformed to stabilize variance and achieve normal distributed values. Paired t-tests and unpaired Welch-t-tests were used to check intra and inter-group differences.</p></div><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p><b>RESULTS</b></p><p>Exercise volume decreased significantly by 33% (p < .001) in the DES and increased significantly (p < .001) in the SPS group. Both cohorts comparably (p = .214) gained body mass (SPS: 1.9%, 95%-CI: 0.3-3.5%, p = .019 vs. DES: 3.4%, 1.4-5.5%, p = .001). However, the increase in the SPS group can be completely attributed to changes in LBM (2.3%, 1.1-3.5%, p < 0.001) with no changes of total fat mass (0.6%, -5.0-6.5%, p = 0.823), while DES gained total FM and LBM in a proportion of 2:1. Corresponding changes were determined for appendicular skeletal muscle mass and abdominal body-fat. Maximum aerobic capacity increased (p = .076) in the SPS (1.6%, -0.2-3.3%) and significantly decreased (p = .004) in the DES (-3.3%, -5.4 to -1.2%). Group differences were significant (p < .001). With respect to nutritional intake or physical activity, no relevant changes or group differences were observed.</p></div><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p><b>CONCLUSION</b></p><p>We conclude that the most deleterious effect on fatness and fitness in young college students was the pronounced decreases in exercise volume and particularly exercise intensity.</p></div><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p><b>TRIAL REGISTRATION</b></p><p>NCT00521235; "Effect of Different Working Conditions on Risk Factors in Dentists Versus Trainers. A Combined Cross sectional and Longitudinal Trial with Student and Senior Employees."; August 24, 2007.</p></div></front></TEI><pubmed><MedlineCitation Status="MEDLINE" IndexingMethod="Curated" Owner="NLM"><PMID Version="1">26787116</PMID><DateCompleted><Year>2016</Year><Month>07</Month><Day>27</Day></DateCompleted><DateRevised><Year>2018</Year><Month>12</Month><Day>02</Day></DateRevised><Article PubModel="Electronic"><Journal><ISSN IssnType="Electronic">1471-2458</ISSN><JournalIssue CitedMedium="Internet"><Volume>16</Volume><PubDate><Year>2016</Year><Month>Jan</Month><Day>19</Day></PubDate></JournalIssue><Title>BMC public health</Title><ISOAbbreviation>BMC Public Health</ISOAbbreviation></Journal><ArticleTitle>Impact of exercise changes on body composition during the college years--a five year randomized controlled study.</ArticleTitle><Pagination><MedlinePgn>50</MedlinePgn></Pagination><ELocationID EIdType="doi" ValidYN="Y">10.1186/s12889-016-2692-y</ELocationID><Abstract><AbstractText Label="BACKGROUND" NlmCategory="BACKGROUND">Observational studies have consistently reported severe weight gains during the college years; information about the effect on body composition is scarce, however. Thus, the aim of the study was to determine the effect of exercise changes on body composition during 5 years at university.</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="METHODS" NlmCategory="METHODS">Sixty-one randomly selected male and female dental (DES; 21 ± 3 years., 22 ± 2 kg/m(2)) and 53 sport (physical education) students (SPS; 20 ± 2 years., 22 ± 3 kg/m(2)) were accompanied over their 5-year study program. Body mass and body composition as determined via Dual-Energy x-ray-absorptiometry (DXA) at baseline and follow-up were selected as primary study endpoints. Confounding parameters (i.e., nutritional intake, diseases, medication) that may affect study endpoints were determined every two years. Endpoints were log-transformed to stabilize variance and achieve normal distributed values. Paired t-tests and unpaired Welch-t-tests were used to check intra and inter-group differences.</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="RESULTS" NlmCategory="RESULTS">Exercise volume decreased significantly by 33% (p < .001) in the DES and increased significantly (p < .001) in the SPS group. Both cohorts comparably (p = .214) gained body mass (SPS: 1.9%, 95%-CI: 0.3-3.5%, p = .019 vs. DES: 3.4%, 1.4-5.5%, p = .001). However, the increase in the SPS group can be completely attributed to changes in LBM (2.3%, 1.1-3.5%, p < 0.001) with no changes of total fat mass (0.6%, -5.0-6.5%, p = 0.823), while DES gained total FM and LBM in a proportion of 2:1. Corresponding changes were determined for appendicular skeletal muscle mass and abdominal body-fat. Maximum aerobic capacity increased (p = .076) in the SPS (1.6%, -0.2-3.3%) and significantly decreased (p = .004) in the DES (-3.3%, -5.4 to -1.2%). Group differences were significant (p < .001). With respect to nutritional intake or physical activity, no relevant changes or group differences were observed.</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="CONCLUSION" NlmCategory="CONCLUSIONS">We conclude that the most deleterious effect on fatness and fitness in young college students was the pronounced decreases in exercise volume and particularly exercise intensity.</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="TRIAL REGISTRATION" NlmCategory="BACKGROUND">NCT00521235; "Effect of Different Working Conditions on Risk Factors in Dentists Versus Trainers. A Combined Cross sectional and Longitudinal Trial with Student and Senior Employees."; August 24, 2007.</AbstractText></Abstract><AuthorList CompleteYN="Y"><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Kemmler</LastName><ForeName>Wolfgang</ForeName><Initials>W</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Institute of Medical Physics, University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Henkestrasse 91, 91052, Erlangen, Germany. wolfgang.kemmler@imp.uni-erlangen.de.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>von Stengel</LastName><ForeName>Simon</ForeName><Initials>S</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Institute of Medical Physics, University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Henkestrasse 91, 91052, Erlangen, Germany. Simon.von.stengel@imp.uni-erlangen.de.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Kohl</LastName><ForeName>Matthias</ForeName><Initials>M</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Medical and Life Sciences, University of Furtwangen, Jakob-Kienzle-Str. 17, 78054, Schwenningen, Germany. Matthias.Kohl@hs-furtwangen.de.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Bauer</LastName><ForeName>Julia</ForeName><Initials>J</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Institute of Dentistry, University-Hospital, Erlangen-Nürnberg, Glückstrasse 11, 91054, Erlangen, Germany. Julia.Bauer@uk-erlangen.de.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author></AuthorList><Language>eng</Language><DataBankList CompleteYN="Y"><DataBank><DataBankName>ClinicalTrials.gov</DataBankName><AccessionNumberList><AccessionNumber>NCT00521235</AccessionNumber></AccessionNumberList></DataBank></DataBankList><PublicationTypeList><PublicationType UI="D016428">Journal Article</PublicationType><PublicationType UI="D016449">Randomized Controlled Trial</PublicationType><PublicationType UI="D013485">Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't</PublicationType></PublicationTypeList><ArticleDate DateType="Electronic"><Year>2016</Year><Month>01</Month><Day>19</Day></ArticleDate></Article><MedlineJournalInfo><Country>England</Country><MedlineTA>BMC Public Health</MedlineTA><NlmUniqueID>100968562</NlmUniqueID><ISSNLinking>1471-2458</ISSNLinking></MedlineJournalInfo><CitationSubset>IM</CitationSubset><MeshHeadingList><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D015502" MajorTopicYN="N">Absorptiometry, Photon</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D000293" MajorTopicYN="N">Adolescent</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D001823" MajorTopicYN="N">Body Composition</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000502" MajorTopicYN="Y">physiology</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D003430" MajorTopicYN="N">Cross-Sectional Studies</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D015444" MajorTopicYN="N">Exercise</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000502" MajorTopicYN="Y">physiology</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D005260" MajorTopicYN="N">Female</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D006801" MajorTopicYN="N">Humans</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D008297" MajorTopicYN="N">Male</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D010806" MajorTopicYN="N">Physical Education and Training</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000706" MajorTopicYN="N">statistics & numerical data</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D013177" MajorTopicYN="N">Sports</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000706" MajorTopicYN="N">statistics & numerical data</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D013334" MajorTopicYN="N">Students</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000706" MajorTopicYN="Y">statistics & numerical data</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D014495" MajorTopicYN="Y">Universities</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D015430" MajorTopicYN="N">Weight Gain</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000502" MajorTopicYN="Y">physiology</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D055815" MajorTopicYN="N">Young Adult</DescriptorName></MeshHeading></MeshHeadingList></MedlineCitation><PubmedData><History><PubMedPubDate 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